Dr. Mohd Nor Akmal Khalid · FTSM, UKM
Engineering intelligence at the intersection of theory and play.
Senior lecturer and researcher at FTSM, UKM, working in computational intelligence — the search, optimization and metaheuristic methods at the heart of AI — with a distinctive focus on modelling and optimizing engagement in games and interactive systems, and an emerging frontier in generative and agentic AI.
/ research program
Three pillars, one connected agenda.
Computational Intelligence & Optimization
Evolutionary and immune algorithms, swarm intelligence and metaheuristics — the search and optimization methods at the core of my work, applied to scheduling, assembly-line balancing and large-scale combinatorial problems.
Games Informatics & Engagement Modelling
Game refinement theory and the “motion in mind” model, agent-based simulation and procedural content — measuring and optimizing what makes play engaging.
Generative & Agentic AI
The emerging frontier — generative models, LLM foundation models and agentic content generation, extending the optimization-of-engagement programme into new domains.
/ see the research run · live
Three pillars, running live.
Each pillar demonstrated, not described — a showreel of the simulations rebuilt from the published work, playing one at a time. Open any one for the full, interactive version.
Generative AI · agentic
Agentic content generation
Generator and critic agents evolve a rough draft into a well-formed quest, matching a target difficulty arc.
Games & simulation · self-play
Game refinement
A game plays itself; its refinement value settles on the engagement spectrum toward the comfortable zone.
Optimization · immune algorithm
Assembly line balancing
An artificial immune system packs precedence-constrained tasks into stations, raising line efficiency.
Optimization · agent-based
Crowd evacuation
A navigation field routes shoppers to the exits while congestion and panic reshape the flow.
Optimization · immune algorithm
Production scheduling
Operations reorder around maintenance windows, compacting the Gantt chart to cut the makespan.
Generative AI · agentic
Agentic content generation
Generator and critic agents evolve a rough draft into a well-formed quest, matching a target difficulty arc.
/ selected work
Selected articles.
A curated slice of the record, grouped by research pillar. The full body of work — 113 papers, filterable and mapped — lives on the publications page.
/ currently funded
Research in flight.
Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Pain Assessment in Postoperative Recovery: A Cross-Sectional Study of AI-Assisted Pain Assessment Tool with Patient Self-Reported Scores in the Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit
Geran Fundamental Fakulti Perubatan(GFFP)
Enhancing Braille Literacy through Novel Interactive Features: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Improve User Engagement in Braille Learning Devices
Geran Translasi UKM (TR-UKM)
Swarm-Based-Enhanced Hyperparameter Optimization for Advancing Random Forest Model in Healthcare Patient Prioritization
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS)
Open to collaboration.
Postgraduate supervision (Master's & PhD), industry research collaboration, and conference invitations are always welcome.
Get in touch →