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Three interconnected pillars at the convergence of AI, optimization and play.
Each pillar carries its own signature colour and a live demonstration — open any one for the full interactive version — followed by the funded projects where the methods meet real-world delivery. The research doesn't just describe; it runs.
Computational Intelligence & Optimization
Many of the most important problems in engineering, logistics and AI are NP-hard. My work designs nature-inspired metaheuristics — genetic algorithms, swarm intelligence and hybrid memetic methods — for large-scale combinatorial and continuous optimization.
Optimizing for Engagement: Game Refinement Meets Optimization
Coupling metaheuristic optimization with game-refinement theory — deriving new performance and engagement metrics that quantify what makes systems and play compelling.
Enquire →Swarm intelligence · fitness landscape
A flock of agents foraging a multimodal landscape — local flocking combined with a pull toward the best-known peak. Brighter regions are higher fitness.
Games Informatics & Engagement Modelling
My signature line of work: extending game-refinement theory and the “motion in mind” model to measure and optimize engagement, addiction and player experience. It spans procedural content generation where human and AI players co-create, gamification and serious games, and agent-based simulation of how people actually play.
Agentic Procedural Content Generation for Adaptive Play
Integrating PCG with agentic and generative AI — co-designing levels, mechanics and narratives that adapt for richer, more entertaining player experiences.
Enquire →Procedural dungeon · content generation
A roguelike level synthesized from nothing — rooms scattered, then stitched with corridors. Every roll is unique.
Generative & Agentic AI
Two complementary visions of machine intelligence: one that creates and one that reasons. My research couples generative models — transformers, diffusion architectures and GANs — with structured, symbolic and rule-based knowledge to build systems that are both creative and explainable.
LLM-Driven Human–AI Collaboration in Team Settings
Large language models as collaborative teammates — how humans and AI co-reason, divide work and build shared understanding in team-based problem solving.
Enquire →Latent flow field · generative
Particles self-organize and connections form and dissolve — emergence as a stand-in for the generative process.
From grant to delivery.
Competitive grants spanning national AI infrastructure, healthcare optimization and creativity-based learning. The projects where the three pillars meet real-world delivery.
Funding timeline
Active grants · 5
Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Pain Assessment in Postoperative Recovery: A Cross-Sectional Study of AI-Assisted Pain Assessment Tool with Patient Self-Reported Scores in the Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit
Geran Fundamental Fakulti Perubatan(GFFP) · HTM-2026-016
Enhancing Braille Literacy through Novel Interactive Features: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Improve User Engagement in Braille Learning Devices
Geran Translasi UKM (TR-UKM) · UKM-TR2024-13
Swarm-Based-Enhanced Hyperparameter Optimization for Advancing Random Forest Model in Healthcare Patient Prioritization
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) · FRGS/1/2024/ICT02/UKM/01/1
Human-Machine Collaborative Framework Using Generative Adversarial Network and Map-Elites for a Creativity-Based Learning
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) · FRGS/1/2024/ICT02/UKM/02/1
A Modified Liquid Neural Network Architecture for Iterative Design Optimization
Geran Galakan Penyelidik Muda (GGPM) · GGPM-2024-052
Completed grants · 5
Pembangunan Infrastruktur Pemerkasaan AI sebagai platform Wahana Rintis Semantik Ayat National (WaRiSAN) Bahasa Melayu
INISIATIF BELANJAWAN 2025: AI ENHANCEMENT (BAHASA)
2025–2026
Pembangunan Model Asas Bahasa Besar untuk Bahasa Kebangsaan Malaysia
INISIATIF BELANJAWAN 2025: AI ENHANCEMENT (BAHASA)
2025–2026
TERAS--STEM: Teknologi Entiti Rangkaian Aplikasi Sintesis STEM
INISIATIF BELANJAWAN 2025: AI ENHANCEMENT (BAHASA)
2025–2026
Pembangunan Modul ITAP: Keusahawanan AI dan Perundangan untuk Belia Bandar Baru Bangi
2025–2026
Intervensi ICT (AI) Untuk Komuniti Guru Sekolah Dalam Persekitaran Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran (PDP) Digital
Dana Transformasi Komuniti FTSM
2024–2025
Want to work on one of these?
Postgraduate supervision and research collaboration across all three pillars. Funded and scholarship-eligible positions open. Prospective students — start with the postgraduate guide.